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[Airflow] Nifi Trigger Operator ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋ณธ๋ฌธ

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[Airflow] Nifi Trigger Operator ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ

•8• 2024. 4. 4. 00:26

airflow์—์„œ nifi processor๋กœ trigger๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์‚ฌ์‹ค nifi์—์„œ restAPI๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— NIFI ETL ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋์ง€๋งŒ nifi ์ž‘์—… ์ดํ›„์— airflow์—์„œ ํ›„์† task๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ETL์ด ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์— ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค.

NIFI๋Š” processor ๋‹จ์œ„๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, flowfile์ด processor์— ์ธํ’‹๋˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ output stream์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์•„๋ž˜ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์—์„œ airflow์—์„œ nifi ๋ฅผ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ `GenerateFlowFile`๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ œ์•ฝ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

https://towardsdatascience.com/interconnecting-airflow-with-a-nifi-etl-pipeline-8abea0667b8a

 

์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ListSFTP ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ListSFTP๋Š” incoming relationship์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ์—์„œ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Input requirement:
This component does not allow an incoming relationship.

์ถœ์ฒ˜: ๋„ํ๋จผํŠธ

 

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” Nifi cluster๊ฐ€ single node๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ failover๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ , flowfile์ด ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค ใ… 

๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฒ”์šฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ด์ง ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ๋‹ค.

 

1. ์ปจ์…‰

 

2. Airflow Connection ์„ค์ •

HttpHook์„ ์ƒ์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Connection Type์€ HTTP๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

 

`Connection Id`: nifi1_api

`Connection Type`: HTTP

`Host`: http://x.x.x.x:8080

 

์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค€๋‹ค.

๋…ธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐœ๋ผ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ปค๋„ฅ์…˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.

 

3. Nifi ETL ์„ค์ •

ํ•„์š”์กฐ๊ฑด

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ End Node๋กœ `UpdateAttribute`๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

clusterNode์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค.

 

์˜ˆ์‹œ๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.

์›๊ฒฉ์ง€์—์„œ List -> Fetch ํ›„ HDFS์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  End Node๋กœ `UpdateAttribute`๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด๋‹ค.

Start Node๋งŒ ์ผฐ๋‹ค ๊ป๋‹ค ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ Start Node๋Š” ์ค‘์ง€์ƒํƒœ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” Running ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋‘๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค.

Start Node ์˜ ์Šค์ผ€์ฅด๋ง์€ timer driven์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๋˜, penalty ducation์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํฐ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๋‘์–ด running -> stopped ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ flowfile์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก (ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋งŒ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๋„๋ก) ํ•ด์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

End Node ์˜ properties๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ค์ •ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค.

Store State๋Š” "Store state locally"๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ,

initial value๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘๊ณ  `last_tms`๋ผ๋Š” properties๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ’์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ `${now()}`์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค.

์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด Flowfile์ด processor๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ClusterNode ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‚ค ๊ฐ’์ธ last_tms์˜ value๋Š” flowfile์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ„ ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋œ๋‹ค.

 

2. ๊ตฌํ˜„: nifiutil

nifi restAPI๋Š” ๊ณต์‹๋ฌธ์„œ์— ์ •๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ์ •๋ณด ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ธฐ

def get_processor(url_nifi_api, processor_id):
	header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
    
    response = requests.get(url_nifi_api + f"processors/{processor_id}", headers=header)
    return json.loads(response.content)


def get_processor_state(url_nifi_api, processor_id, token):
    header = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
    
    response = requests.get(url_nifi_api + f"processors/{processor_id}/state", headers=header)
    return json.loads(response.content)

 

`get_processor`: ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค.

`get_processor_state`: ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค.

 

ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ์ƒํƒœ ์ •๋ณด ํŒŒ์‹ฑ

๋…ธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์ธ nifi ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด `get_processor_state`๋กœ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ json์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. 

{
  "componentState": {
    "componentId": "...",
    "stateDescription": "...",
    "clusterState": {},
    "localState": {
      "scope": "LOCAL",
      "state": [
        {
          "key": "last_tms",
          "value": "0",
          "clusterNodeId": "...",
          "clusterNodeAddress": "nifinode1:8080"
        },
        {
          "key": "last_tms",
          "value": "0",
          "clusterNodeId": "...",
          "clusterNodeAddress": "nifinode2:8080"
        }
      ],
      "totalEntryCount": 2
    }
  }
}

1์—์„œ  stateful variable inital value๋ฅผ 0์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด last_tms ์˜ value๋ฅผ 0์œผ๋กœ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

def parse_state(json_obj, state_key):
	result = {}
    states = json_obj["componentState"]["localState"]["state"]
    for state in states:
    	if state["key"] == state_key:
        	result[state["clusterNodeId"]] = state["value"]
    return result

last_tms ์™€ clusterNodeId๋งŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ„ ํ•จ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํŒŒ์‹ฑํ•˜์—ฌ {clusterNodeId:value} ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งต์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ:

{"node1์˜ nodeid":"0","node2์˜ nodeid":"0"}

 

ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ

def update_processor_status(processor_id, new_state, url_nifi_api):
	processor = get_processor(url_nifi_api, processor_id)
    
    put_dict = {
    	"revision": processor["revision"],
        "state": new_state,
        "disconnectedNodeAcknowledged": True,
    }
    
    payload = json.dumps(put_dict).encode("utf8")
    header = {
    	"Content-Type": "application/json"
    }
    response = requests.put(
    	url_nifi_api + f"processors/{processor_id}/run-status",
    	headers=header,
        data=payload,
    )
    return response

 

ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ

def wait_for_update(url_nifi_api, processor_id, state_key, initial_state):
	processor_state = get_processor_state(url_nifi_api, processor_id, None)
    while True:
    	processor_state = get_processor_state(url_nifi_api, processor_id, None)
        value_current = parse_state(processor_state, state_key)
        
        if initial_state == value_current:
        	pause(1)
        else:
        	pause(10)
            processor_state = get_processor_state(url_nifi_api, processor_id, None)
            second_current = parse_state(processor_state, state_key)
            if second_current == value_current:
            	break
            else:
            	continue

End Node๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ETL์ด ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•จ์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค.

1์ดˆ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ์˜ state๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ’์˜ last_tms์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ last_tms๊ฐ’์— ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  10์ดˆ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฐ ํ›„์—๋„ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•œ์ง€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค (๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ if ๋ถ€๋ถ„) .

๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”:

์˜ˆ๋ฅผ๋“ค์–ด 100๊ฐœ์˜ flowfile์ด round robin์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…ธ๋“œ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ flowfile์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๋“œ๋Š” local state๋ฅผ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค.

last_tms ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ฐ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ETL์ด ๋๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (98๊ฐœ์˜ flowfile์ด ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์Œ).

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ค์ž‘๋™์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์ •์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ›„์—๋„ last_tms ๊ฐ’์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ETL์ด ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

 

3. ๊ตฌํ˜„: nifihookHook

2์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  nifiutl์„ importํ•ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

import requests
from airflow.exceptions import AirflowException
from airflow.providers.http.hooks.http import HttpHook
from some.nifi.path.nifiutil import update_processor_status, wait_for_update, get_processor_state, parse_state

class NifihookHook(HttpHook):
	def __init__(
    	self,
        http_conn_ids: list,
        start_processor_id = '',
        end_processor_id = '',
        state_key = '',
        *args,
        **kwargs,
    ):
    	super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.http_conn_ids = http_conn_ids,
        self.conn = None,
        self.start_processor_id = start_processor_id
        self.end_processor_id = end_processor_id
        self.state_key = state_key

	def _find_stable_nodes(self) -> None:
    	for conn in self.http_conn_ids:
        	conn_url = self.get_connection(conn).host
            r = requests.post(conn_url)
            if r.status_code == 200:
            	if conn_url[-1] == '/':
                	self.nifi_api = conn_url + "nifi-api/"
                else:
                	self.nifi_api = conn_url + "/nifi-api/"
                break

	def execute(self) -> None:
    	self._find_stable_nodes()
        
        initial_state = parse_state(get_processor_state(self.nifi_api, self.end_processor_id, None), self.state_key)
        r = update_processor_status(self.start_processor_id, "RUNNING", self.nifi_api)
        pause(15)
        r = update_processor_status(self.start_processor_id, "STOPPED", self.nifi_api)
        if length(self.end_processor_id)>0:
        	wait_for_update(self.nifi_api, self.end_processor_id, self.state_key, initial_state)

 

 

`http_conn_ids` ๋Š” list[string] ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ nifi ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋…ธ๋“œ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค.

`_find_stable_nodes()`์—์„œ๋Š” list๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„์˜จ nifi ๋…ธ๋“œ์— ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ์‘๋‹ต์ฝ”๋“œ 200์„ ๋ฆฌํ„ดํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค.

๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ •์ƒ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” conn_id๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด `self.nifi_api` ๋Š” ์ •์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  NifihookHook์€ ์‹คํŒจ๋œ๋‹ค.

`execute()`์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

  1. End node์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค. 
  2. Start node๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค.
  3. ์ผ์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ›„ Start node๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค.
  4. ๋งŒ์•ฝ end_processor_id ๊ฐ’์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด End Node๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์Šคํ‚ตํ•œ๋‹ค.

 

4. ๊ตฌํ˜„: NifiTriggerOperator

from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
from airflow.providers.http.operators.http import SimpleHttpOperator
from airflow.utils.decorators import apply_defaults
from some.nifi.path.nifihookHook import NifihookHook

class NifiTriggerOperator(SimpleHttpOperator):
	@apply_defaults
    def __init__(
    	self,
        *,
        http_conn_ids: list,
        start_processor_id: str='',
        end_processor_id: str='',
        state_key: str='',
        **kwargs,
    ) -> None:
    	super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.http_conn_ids = http_conn_ids
        self.start_processor_id = start_processor_id
        self.end_processor_id = end_processor_id
        self.state_key = state_key
        self.hook: Optional[NifihookHook] = None

	def execute(self, context: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
    	self.hook = NifihookHook(
        	self.http_conn_ids,
            self.start_processor_id,
            self.end_processor_id,
            self.state_key
        )
        self.hook.execute()

๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ธ์ž๊ฐ’ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ NifihookHook initํ•˜๊ณ  execute ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค.

 

5. ์‚ฌ์šฉ

test = NifiTriggerOperator(
	task_id = "test",
    http_conn_ids = ["nifi1_api", "nifi2_api"],
    start_processor_id = f"{start_node_id}",
    end_processor_id = f"{end_node_id}",
    state_key = f"{my_state_key}"
)

์œ„์—์„œ ์ •์˜ํ•ด์ค€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ’๋“ค์„ ์ธ์ž๋กœ ๋„ฃ์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค.

state_key ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 3์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ property ์ด๋ฆ„์„ last_tms๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด `state_key = "last_tms"`๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค.

 

 

์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ ค ํ•„์š” ์‚ฌํ•ญ

1, ETL์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด `wait_for_update`์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† while loop๋ฅผ ๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚ฉ๋“๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

2. start node running -> stopped ์ƒํƒœ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ํ…€์„ ์ข€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด๋ด์•ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

์ผ๋ก€๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ „์— listsftp๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š”๋ฐ ํŒŒ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŒ… ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋งŒ 1๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค..;

operator ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ์— ํ…€์„ ๋ช‡์ดˆ๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๊ฑด์ง€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด ์˜คํผ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜.. ์‹ถ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค.

3. ์‹คํŒจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ task๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ง๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.